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Herbal / botanical

Saffron extract

Crocus sativus

A spice whose extract is studied for mood and anxiety.

Evidence: Limited to moderate

Evidence by use: Limited to moderate (small trials). Small randomized trials and reviews report improvements in mood and anxiety symptoms compared with placebo, but sample sizes are small, many studies are from a few research groups, and long-term data are limited.

At a glance

Typical studied dose
Trials commonly use about 28-30 mg per day of standardized saffron extract.

Food sources

Plant sources
Stigmas of the saffron crocus (very expensive spice).

Background and testing

This is not an essential nutrient, so there is no deficiency to diagnose.

Who tends to use it
Adults looking for complementary support for mild low mood; not a replacement for medical treatment.
How it is tested
No lab test.

Supplement forms

Common forms
Standardized extracts (for example affron), capsules, powders, tea.
More effective
Standardized extract with a stated dose, from a tested source.
Less effective
Cooking amounts as a substitute for studied doses; adulterated saffron (a common issue in cheap products); very high doses.

Safety, interactions and halal notes

Safety and interactions
Generally well tolerated at studied doses; mild side effects include nausea, headache, dry mouth. Very high doses can be toxic, and large amounts are unsafe in pregnancy.
Who should avoid it or ask a clinician first
Pregnancy (large amounts), bipolar disorder without medical advice, and people on antidepressants, blood thinners or blood-pressure medicines should ask a clinician.
Halal note
Plant-based. Check capsule shells and carriers.

Frequently asked questions

Can saffron replace antidepressants?

No. Studies are small and are not a basis for stopping prescribed treatment. Talk to your clinician.

Sources

  1. From Mood to Memory: Unlocking Saffron's Potential in Brain Health (PMC review)

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