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Supplement ingredient

Apple cider vinegar

ACV

A fermented vinegar popular for blood sugar, appetite and weight claims.

Evidence: Limited / mixed

Small studies suggest modest effects on after-meal blood sugar, but evidence for weight loss is weak. A widely publicized 2024 trial on ACV and weight loss was retracted by BMJ Group in 2025 after concerns were raised, so it should not be cited.

At a glance

Typical studied dose

Often 1-2 tablespoons (15-30 mL) diluted in water; gummies usually contain much less.

Food sources

Plant sources

Made from fermented apple juice; contains acetic acid.

Background and testing

This is not an essential nutrient, so there is no deficiency to diagnose.

Who tends to use it

People interested in blood sugar or appetite support.

How it is tested

No lab test.

Supplement forms

Common forms

Liquid vinegar, capsules, gummies, powders.

More effective

Diluted liquid with meals if tolerated, as a food-like use.

Less effective

Taking it undiluted (can harm tooth enamel and throat); relying on gummies for 'the same effect' as liquid (the acetic acid content is much lower and not proven); claims that it replaces medical care.

Safety, interactions and halal notes

Safety and interactions

Undiluted vinegar can erode tooth enamel and irritate the throat or stomach. It may lower potassium with large amounts over time and can interact with diabetes medicines and diuretics.

Who should avoid it or ask a clinician first

People with gastroparesis, reflux, kidney disease, or on diabetes medicines or diuretics should ask a clinician.

Halal note

Vinegar is generally accepted as halal by many authorities, but opinions can differ on its origin from fermentation. Confirm with your certifier, and check gummy bases.

Frequently asked questions

Does ACV help you lose weight?

Evidence is weak. A prominent 2024 weight-loss trial was retracted in 2025.

Sources

BMJ Group retracts trial on apple cider vinegar and weight loss (BMJ Group, 2025)

← Back to the full nutrient guide

This page is for education only and is not medical advice. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. Supplements are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. Talk to a qualified clinician before starting a supplement, especially if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, take medicine or have a medical condition. Daily needs are US reference intakes for adults 19-50.

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